1. Human Participants and Informed Consent

Research involving human participants, including user testing, wearable sensor evaluation, biometric signal collection (such as EEG or ECG), clinical software validation, and other studies involving human-derived data, must comply with recognized international ethical standards and applicable institutional procedures.

• Ethics Approval: Where required, research must receive formal approval from an appropriate institutional research ethics committee or Institutional Review Board (IRB) before the study begins. Authors must identify the approving body and provide the approval or reference number in the manuscript. Where formal ethics review or approval is not required, authors should explain the basis for the exemption or determination and identify the relevant authority or institutional policy where applicable.
• Informed Consent: Authors must obtain informed consent from participants where required by the study design and applicable ethical standards. For participants who cannot legally provide consent independently, consent must be obtained from a parent, legal guardian, or authorized representative, as applicable. The manuscript must describe the consent procedure or explain the basis for an approved waiver where relevant.
• Privacy and Confidentiality: Authors must protect participants' privacy and confidential information. Names, identifiable photographs, institutional identifiers, and other identifying details must not be disclosed unless their inclusion is scientifically justified and the necessary consent and ethical safeguards are in place. Consent to participate does not automatically constitute consent to publish identifiable information.

Medical research involving human participants must follow applicable ethical standards, including the Declaration of Helsinki or an equivalent recognized ethical framework, as appropriate to the study.

2. Animal Research and Welfare

Research involving live animals, including biomedical testing, bio-telemetry experiments, and technological applications using animal models, must comply with applicable animal-welfare requirements and institutional procedures.

• Ethics Approval: Where required, experimental protocols must be reviewed and approved by an appropriate institutional animal ethics committee or animal care and use committee before the research begins. Authors must state the name of the approving body and provide the approval or reference number.
• Animal Welfare: Authors must comply with applicable national and institutional requirements and relevant international standards for the care and use of research animals.
• Reporting and Justification: The manuscript must identify the animal species, strain where applicable, and number of animals used. The experimental design and use of animals must be scientifically justified, and appropriate measures must be taken to minimize pain, distress, and unnecessary animal use.

Where animal ethics review or approval is not required under applicable rules, authors should explain the basis for that determination where relevant.

3. Research Data Protection and Cybersecurity

Research in electronics, computing, and telecommunications may involve personal information, biometric signals, location data, network traffic, or security-sensitive systems. Authors must conduct such research responsibly and comply with applicable legal, ethical, and institutional requirements.

Personal Data Protection

Authors must ensure that personal data are collected, processed, stored, and shared lawfully and with appropriate safeguards. Data should be anonymized or pseudonymized, as appropriate, to reduce the risk of identifying individuals. Authors must protect data against unauthorized access, disclosure, or misuse and comply with applicable local, national, and international data protection laws.

Cybersecurity and Network Research

Research involving penetration testing, vulnerability assessment, network interception, or security testing must be conducted in an authorized environment and in compliance with applicable national and international cybersecurity laws. Authors must obtain documented authorization from the targeted system owner or relevant authorized body before conducting activities that require such permission. Research may use a sandbox, simulation environment, or an authorized real-world test environment, as appropriate to the study. Authors are expected to handle sensitive technical findings responsibly, minimize potential harm, and follow established coordinated vulnerability disclosure (CVD) practices where applicable.

JET may request clarification or supporting evidence concerning data protection, research authorization, or other ethical safeguards when questions arise during editorial assessment.

4. Ethical Statements and Editorial Verification

Authors are required to complete and submit JET’s Ethical Statement as a separate document in accordance with the journal’s submission requirements. The statement must accurately reflect the ethical procedures followed in the study and include applicable information regarding ethical approval, informed consent, or exemption from formal ethical review.

Human Participant Research, where applicable

Ethics Approval: This study was approved by [name of ethics committee] (Reference No. [approval number]). Informed consent was obtained from the participants or their authorized representatives, as applicable.

Animal Research, where applicable

Animal Ethics Approval: The animal procedures were reviewed and approved by [name of committee] (Reference No. [approval number]) and were conducted in accordance with applicable animal-welfare requirements.

Research Exempt from Formal Ethics Approval, where applicable

Ethics Statement: Formal ethics approval was not required for this study because [brief explanation of the applicable exemption or institutional determination, for example: it used publicly available, non-identifiable data and was determined to be exempt from ethics review under the applicable institutional guidelines].

Authors must not claim approval, consent, or exemption unless the statement is accurate. JET reserves the right to request supporting documentation or further clarification when necessary. Unresolved ethical concerns may result in appropriate editorial action in accordance with the journal's applicable policies.